Reducer is a power transmission machinery, through the internal structure of the motor speed into the required speed, but also can output a greater torque.
Functions of the reducer: 1. Reduce the turning speed; 2. Increase the turning force, which is the torque.
Types and advantages and disadvantages of traditional reduction gear:
One, planetary reducer
Working principle:
The inner gear ring is closely connected to the gearbox housing, and in the center of the gear ring is a solar gear driven by external power, and between the two is a set of three planetary gears equally assembled on the bracket. When the solar gear is driven by the input side power, it can drive the planetary gear to rotate and make the central revolution along the track of the inner gear ring. Finally, the low-speed planetary revolution motion is output by the output bracket.
Application Field:
Automatic equipment for packaging, printing, cutting, gluing, filling, assembly line, etc.
Performance Features:
Lightweight, small size, a wide range of transmission ratio, high efficiency, stable operation, low noise, and strong adaptability. Normally, the deceleration ratio is below 10 for the first deceleration, and above 10 for the second deceleration. Adopt a straight tooth and helical tooth two gear types.
Main Disadvantages:
Materials and parts processing precision requirements, complex structure, manufacturing, and installation are difficult.
Second, RV reduction gear
Working principle:
The planetary gear reducer serves as the first stage, and the cycloidal gear reducer serves as the second stage. By connecting the rigid disk with the output disk, the overall mechanism will eventually decelerate the output.
Application Field:
Joint 1, 2, 3, and other heavy load equipment for industrial robots with 6 axes.
Performance Features:
High-speed reduction ratio, high stiffness, strong impact resistance, and strong bearing capacity. Compact structure, reliable use, and long life.
Main Disadvantages:
Large volume, heavyweight, complex processing technology, the number of parts.
Third, harmonic reducer
Working principle:
It is mainly composed of four basic components: a wave generator, flexible gear, flexible bearing, and rigid gear. It is a kind of gear transmission that relies on the flexible bearing on the assembly of wave generators to make the flexible gear produce controllable elastic deformation and meshing with the rigid gear to transfer motion and power. The number of flexible gears is usually 2 less than the number of rigid gears. Used as a reducer, usually adopts the wave generator active, fixed steel wheel, flexible wheel output form.
Application Field:
6 axis industrial robots joint 4, 5, 6, and other areas of automation.
Performance Features:
With a high transmission ratio, a high deceleration ratio of 35~320 can be obtained with a single-stage coaxial. Small in size and light in weight. Simple structure, few parts, easy to install. High transmission efficiency and long service life.
Main Disadvantages:
The flexible wheel is easy to be damaged by fatigue and has large starting torque. It is not suitable for a transmission speed ratio of less than 35. Limited ability to withstand high torque and impact loads. Short precision life.
Four, Haishang vector cycloid reducer
Working principle:
Reverse gear transmission principle
Instead of using gear as the transmission, steel ball as the transmission part, meshing with the non-gap cycloid composed of cycloid raceways, instead of gear meshing.
Principle of vector cycloid transmission
The input axis is used as the tracking generator to drive the drive disk to do eccentric cycloid rotation motion. Through the first and second set of cross-following disc transfer structure, the drive disc rotation is transferred to the output end through the steel ball to realize deceleration.
Application Field:
Full joint robot applications, new energy vehicles, precision machine tools, medical equipment, printing, and other fields.
Performance Features:
The spherical structure is conducive to heat conduction, reduces the temperature rise, noise, and improve the service life of the reducer. It has the advantages of compact structure, low noise, lightweight, small volume, zero back gap, smooth transmission, and high output precision. Transmission efficiency is as high as 93%.
